basic civil engineering

Types of cement In addition to ordinary Portland cement there are many varieties of cement. Important varieties are briefly explained below: 1.    White Cement: The cement when made free from colouring oxides of iron, manganese, and chromium results into white cement. In the manufacture of this cement, the oil fuel is used instead of coal for burning. White cement is used for the floor finishes, plastering, ornamental works etc. In swimming pools white cement is used to replace glazed tiles. It is used for fixing marbles and glazed tiles. 2 .    Coloured Cement: The cements of desired colours are produced by intimately mixing pigments with ordinary cement. The chromium oxide gives green colour. Cobalt produce blue colour. Iron oxide with different proportion produce brown, red or yellow colour. Addition of manganese dioxide gives black or brown coloured cement. These cements are used for giving finishing touches to floors, walls, window sills, roofs etc....

CEMENT Cements in a general sense are adhesive and cohesive materials which are capable of bonding together particles of solid matter into a compact durable mass. For civil engineering works, they are restricted to calcareous cements containing compounds of lime as their chief constituent, its primary function being to bind the fine (sand) and coarse (grits) aggregate particles together. Classification Depending on the nature of setting cements used in construction industry may be classified in to two types 1.   Non-hydraulic cement: The non-hydraulic cement does not set and harden in water. It is composed of lime, gypsum plaster and oxychloride. It hardens and attains strength in dry state by reacting with atmospheric CO 2 . Now a day this cement is becoming obsolete as it takes longer time for setting. 2.   Hydraulic cement: The hydraulic cement set and hardens in water. It is made out of limestone, clay and gypsum. It hardens and attains strength when ther...